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\begin{document}

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\section*{bitcoin}

Bitcoin is the first [[blockchain]] and the respective [[cryptocurrency]], it is public and using proof of work. Its sequel, [[Ethereum]] is a more modern blockchain platform enabled for [[smart contract]]s and distributed applications from the start. Bitcoin is largely criticized for energy consuming proof of work, big latency and small number of transaction per second; its crypticurrency, also called bitcoin is rather unstable and often used for speculation and even money laundering, rather than for transactions/settlement. Now more efficient third generation distributed ledger projects exist, see [[high performance distributed ledger]].

\begin{itemize}%
\item Satoshi Nakamoto, Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system, \href{https:
//bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf}{pdf} 2008.

\end{itemize}
Description from \href{https://www.coindesk.com/price/bitcoin}{coindesk}:

\begin{quote}%
Bitcoin is a [[cryptocurrency]] which isn’t managed by a bank or agency but in which transactions are recorded in the blockchain that is public and contains records of each and every transaction that takes place. The cryptocurrency is traded by individuals with cryptographic keys that act as wallets. Bitcoin was first invented in 2009 by an anonymous founder known as Satoshi Nakamoto. Bitcoins are moved in blocks every 10 minutes on a decentralized ledger that connects blocks into a coherent chain dating back to the first genesis block. It was originally described as a peer-to-peer electronic cash but the technology has evolved to emphasize being a settlement layer rather than a payment network. This has left integrated second layer solutions, like Lightning Network, to prioritize that use case. It has remained the largest cryptocurrency by market cap.


\end{quote}
Also in $n$Lab: [[blockchain]], [[high performance distributed ledger]], [[Ethereum]], [[smart contract]], [[virtual machine]]

\begin{itemize}%
\item zoranskoda: [[zoranskoda:distributed consensus]], [[zoranskoda:blockchain regulation]], [[zoranskoda:blockchain security]], [[zoranskoda:privacy on blockchain]], [[zoranskoda:Cardano]], [[zoranskoda:EOS]], [[zoranskoda:hyperledger]], [[zoranskoda:cryptocurrency]].


\item \href{https://bitcoin.stackexchange.com}{bitcoin.stackexchange}


\item \href{https://blockchainlibrary.org/2017/10/most-cited-bitcoin-publications}{blockchainlibrary.org/2017/10/most-cited-bitcoin-publications}


\item \href{https://en.bitcoinwiki.org/wiki/Main_Page}{bitcoinwiki}


\item wikipedia \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blockchain}{blockchain} \href{https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD}{Блокчейн}; \href{https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAP_theorem}{CAP theorem}, \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract}{smart contract}, \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public-key_cryptography}{public-key cryptography}, \href{http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliptic_curve_cryptography}{elliptic curve cryptography}, \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lattice-based_cryptography}{lattice cryptography}


\item list.wiki: \href{http://list.wiki/Blockchain}{blockchain}, \href{http://list.wiki/Cryptocurrencies}{cryptocurrencies}, \href{http://list.wiki/Tokens}{tokens}, \href{http://list.wiki/Telegram_Open_Network_%28TON%29}{TON}


\item (popularization) \href{https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l9jOJk30eQs}{How bitcoin works in 5 minutes}


\item Krzysztof Okupski, \emph{Bitcoin developer reference}, Working Paper, Last changes 30th July 2016 \href{https://www.lopp.net/pdf/Bitcoin_Developer_Reference.pdf}{pdf}


\item Ittay Eyal, Emin Gün Sirer, \emph{Majority is not enough: Bitcoin mining is vulnerable}, in: Financial Cryptography and Data Security 436–454, Springer 2014 \href{http://fc14.ifca.ai/papers/fc14_submission_82.pdf}{pdf}


\item Ayelet Sapirshtein, Yonatan Sompolinsky, Aviv Zohar, \emph{Optimal selfish mining strategies in bitcoin}, \href{https://arxiv.org/abs/1507.06183}{arxiv/1507.06183}



\end{itemize}
Bitcoin is quite centralized, see \href{https://bitinfocharts.com/top-100-richest-bitcoin-addresses.html}{top-100-richest-bitcoin-addresses}.

\begin{itemize}%
\item SegWit \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SegWit}{wikipedia}, \href{https://en.bitcoinwiki.org/wiki/Segregated_Witness}{bitcoinwiki}

\end{itemize}
\hypertarget{bitcoin_lightning_network}{}\paragraph*{{Bitcoin lightning network}}\label{bitcoin_lightning_network}

\begin{itemize}%
\item \href{https://lightning.network}{lightning.network}
\item Joseph Poon, Tadge Dryja, \emph{Lightning Network}, \href{https://lightning.network/
lightning-network-paper.pdf}{pdf} Mar 2015.
\item A van Wirdum \emph{Understanding the lightning network \href{https://bitcoinmagazine.com/articles/understanding-the-lightning-network-part-building-a-bidirectional-payment-channel-1464710791}{1} \href{https://bitcoinmagazine.com/articles/understanding-the-lightning-network-part-creating-the-network-1465326903}{2}}

\end{itemize}


\end{document}