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\begin{document}

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\section*{metaphysics}

\hypertarget{context}{}\subsubsection*{{Context}}\label{context}

\hypertarget{philosophy}{}\paragraph*{{Philosophy}}\label{philosophy}

[[!include philosophy - contents]]

\hypertarget{contents}{}\section*{{Contents}}\label{contents}

\noindent\hyperlink{idea}{Idea}\dotfill \pageref*{idea} \linebreak
\noindent\hyperlink{related_concepts}{Related concepts}\dotfill \pageref*{related_concepts} \linebreak
\noindent\hyperlink{references}{References}\dotfill \pageref*{references} \linebreak


\hypertarget{idea}{}\subsection*{{Idea}}\label{idea}

From (\href{Science+of+Logic#85}{Hegel, Science of Logic, \S{}85}):

\begin{quote}%
Die objektive Logik tritt damit vielmehr an die Stelle der vormaligen Metaphysik, als welche das wissenschaftliche Geb\"a{}ude \"u{}ber die Welt war, das nur durch Gedanken aufgef\"u{}hrt seyn sollte.---Wenn wir auf die letzte Gestalt der Ausbildung dieser Wissenschaft R\"u{}cksicht nehmen, so ist erstens unmittelbar die Ontologie, an deren Stelle die objektive Logik tritt,---der Theil jener Metaphysik, der die Natur des Ens \"u{}berhaupt erforschen sollte;---das Ens begreift sowohl Seyn als Wesen in sich, f\"u{}r welchen Unterschied unsere Sprache gl\"u{}cklicherweise den verschiedenen Ausdruck gerettet hat.---Alsdann aber begreift die objektive Logik auch die \"u{}brige Metaphysik insofern in sich, als diese mit den reinen Denkformen die besondern, zun\"a{}chst aus der Vorstellung genommenen Substrate, die Seele, die Welt, Gott, zu fassen suchte, und die Bestimmungen des Denkens das Wesentliche der Betrachtungsweise ausmachten.

The objective logic, then, takes the place rather of the former metaphysics which was intended to be the scientific construction of the world in terms of thoughts alone. If we have regard to the final shape of this science, then it is first and immediately ontology whose place is taken by objective logic --- that part of this metaphysics which was supposed to investigate the nature of ens in general; ens comprises both being and essence, a distinction for which the German language has fortunately preserved different terms. But further, objective logic also comprises the rest of metaphysics in so far as this attempted to comprehend with the forms of pure thought particular substrata taken primarily from figurate conception, namely the soul, the world and God; and the determinations of thought constituted what was essential in the mode of consideration.


\end{quote}
\hypertarget{related_concepts}{}\subsection*{{Related concepts}}\label{related_concepts}

\begin{itemize}%
\item [[ontology]]


\item [[logos (in philosophy)]], [[Nous]]


\item [[philosophy of physics]]


\item [[category of being]]


\item [[???]]


\item [[hermeticism]]



\end{itemize}
\hypertarget{references}{}\subsection*{{References}}\label{references}

\begin{itemize}%
\item [[Aristotle]], \emph{[[Metaphysics (Aristotle)|Metaphysics]]}


\item [[Georg Hegel]], \emph{[[Science of Logic]]}


\item [[Michael Dummett]], \emph{The logical basis of metaphysics}, Harvard University Press (\href{http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674537866}{publisher}, \href{http://philosophy.fas.nyu.edu/docs/IO/27735/Dummett.pdf}{introduction pdf})



\end{itemize}
Discussion from a point of view of [[type theory]] is in

\begin{itemize}%
\item [[Per Martin-Löf]], \emph{A path from logic to metaphysics}, talk at \emph{Nuovi problemi della logica e della filosofia della scienza}, Jan 1990 (\href{https://github.com/michaelt/martin-lof/raw/master/pdfs/A-path-from-logic-to-metaphysics-1991.pdf}{pdf})


\item [[Tao Te Ching]]


\item [[Hegel's ``Logic'' as Modal Type Theory]]


\item Wikipedia, \emph{\href{http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaphysics}{Metaphysics}}



\end{itemize}


\end{document}