this page is to record the reference:
letter to Auguste Chevallier
29 May 1832
scan of original: Wikipedia
French original text: web
English translation: pdf
commonly known as la lettre testament or Galois’ last letter — since, famously, the morning after writing it the author died in a duel.
The letter announces Galois’ solution to the “solvability of equations by radicals”. It is commonly cited as the first printed appearance of the term group in modern mathematical practice (specifically: group of permutations).
On the icosahedral group in the analysis of Fullerenes, and related parts of Galois’s last letter:
Last revised on June 7, 2026 at 04:24:00. See the history of this page for a list of all contributions to it.
