An inhabited set or occupied set is a set that contains an element.
At least assuming classical logic, this is the same thing as a set that is not empty. Usually inhabited sets are simply called ‘non-empty’, but the positive word ‘inhabited’ reminds us that this is the simpler notion, which emptiness is defined as the negation of.
The terms ‘inhabited’ and ‘occupied’ come from constructive mathematics. In constructive mathematics, a set that is not empty isn't necessarily inhabited, because double negation is nontrivial in intuitionistic logic. All the same, many constructive mathematicians use the old word ‘non-empty’ with the understanding that it really means inhabited.
There is a distinction between ‘inhabited’ and ‘occupied’ spaces in Abstract Stone Duality (which probably corresponds to something about locales, should explain that here).
An inhabited set is the special case of an inhabited object in the topos Set.