Axiomatizations
Tools
Models
Phenomena
Types of quantum field thories
In physics an instanton is a field configuration with a “topological twist”: not in the connected component of the trivial field configurations.
The term derives from the special case of instantons on a sphere but modeled as field configurations on a Euclidean space constrained to vanish asymptotically. These look like solutions localized in spacetime: “at an instant”.
See also literature at Yang-Mills instanton.
Dan Freed, Karen Uhlenbeck?, Instantons and four-manifolds, Springer-Verlag, (1991)
Nicholas Manton, Paul M. Sutcliffe, Topological solitons, Cambridge Monographs on Math. Physics, gBooks
Werner Nahm, Self-dual monopoles and calorons, in Group theoretical methods in physics (Trieste, 1983), pages 189-200. Springer, Berlin (1984) (journal)