theory (physics), model (physics)
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The probability amplitude? for a process of scattering of fundamental particles or fundamental strings off each other. The collection of scattering amplitudes forms the S-matrix.
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See also at motivic multiple zeta values.
In super Yang-Mills theory (and there in particular in the planar limit of N=4 D=4 super Yang-Mills theory) scattering amplitudes enjoy special symmetry properties, some of which can be used to extract information about scattering amplitudes in non-supersymmetric theories: