# nLab first-order formulation of gravity

### Context

#### Gravity

gravity, supergravity

# Contents

## Idea

The action functional of gravity was originally conceived as a functional on the space of pseudo-Riemannian metrics of a manifold $X$. Later on it was realized that it may alternatively naturally be thought of as a functional on the space of connections with values in the Poincaré Lie algebra – essentially the Levi-Civita connection – subject to the constraint that the component in the translation Lie algebra defines a vielbein field. Mathematically this means that the field of gravity is modeled as a Cartan connection for the Lorentz group inside the Poincaré group. In physics this is known as the first order formalism or the Palatini formalism for gravity.

The field strength of gravity – the Riemann tensor – is the curvature of Levi-Civita connection. Typically this is referred to a spin connection in this context.

Promoting this perspective form the Poincaré group to the super Poincaré group yields supergravity. Promoting it further to the Lie n-algebra extensions of the super Poincaré group (from the brane scan/brane bouquet) yields type II supergravity, heterotic supergravity and 11-dimensional supergravity in higher Cartan geometry-formulation (D'Auria-Fré formulation of supergravity).

gauge groupstabilizer subgrouplocal model spacelocal geometryglobal geometrydifferential cohomologyfirst order formulation of gravity
generalLie group/algebraic group $G$subgroup (monomorphism) $H \hookrightarrow G$quotient (“coset space”) $G/H$Klein geometryCartan geometryCartan connection
examplesEuclidean group $Iso(d)$rotation group $SO(d)$Cartesian space $\mathbb{R}^d$Euclidean geometryRiemannian geometryaffine connectionEuclidean gravity
Poincaré group $Iso(d-1,1)$Lorentz groupMinkowski space $\mathbb{R}^{d-1,1}$Lorentzian geometrypseudo-Riemannian geometryspin connectionEinstein gravity
super Poincaré groupspin groupsuper Minkowski spacetime $\mathbb{R}^{d-1,1\vert N}$Lorentzian supergeometrysupergeometrysuperconnectionsupergravity
linear algebraic groupparabolic subgroup/Borel subgroupflag varietyparabolic geometry
orthochronous Lorentz groupconformal geometryconformal connectionconformal gravity
generalsmooth 2-group $G$2-monomorphism $H \to G$homotopy quotient $G//H$Klein 2-geometryCartan 2-geometry
cohesive ∞-group∞-monomorphism (i.e. any homomorphism) $H \to G$homotopy quotient $G//H$ of ∞-actionhigher Klein geometryhigher Cartan geometryhigher Cartan connection
examplesextended super Minkowski spacetimeextended supergeometryhigher supergravity: type II, heterotic, 11d

## References

A decent introduction is in sections 4 and 5 of

A detailed account is in section I.4.1 of

Revised on October 14, 2013 13:03:50 by Toby Bartels (98.19.41.253)