Every field has a characteristic: it is zero if its underlying -module is a flat module, or equivalently if its underlying abelian group is a torsion-free group.
If a mathematical construct involves a “base field”, e.g. an algebraic variety, then we say that it is in characteristic zero, if its base field is.
The basic example of a field of characteristic zero is the field of rational numbers. Therefore one often says that any ring (or even super ring) containing the rationals is also of characteristic zero.
The basic example of an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero is the field of complex numbers.
In model theory, there is a first-order theory of fields: every (commutative) field is a model. There is a transfer principle called Lefschetz principle which says: every sentence expressed in the first order theory of fields which is true for complex numbers is true for every algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. It is named after Solomon Lefschetz who used it in algebraic geometry, reasoning topologically for other algebarically closed fields of characteristic zero. The formalization and its proof are due Alfred Tarski.
Last revised on May 11, 2022 at 02:03:45. See the history of this page for a list of all contributions to it.