on chain complexes/model structure on cosimplicial abelian groups
related by the Dold-Kan correspondence
on algebras over an operad, on modules over an algebra over an operad
on dendroidal sets, for dendroidal complete Segal spaces, for dendroidal Cartesian fibrations
homotopy theory, (∞,1)-category theory, homotopy type theory
flavors: stable, equivariant, rational, p-adic, proper, geometric, cohesive, directed…
models: topological, simplicial, localic, …
see also algebraic topology
Introductions
Definitions
Paths and cylinders
Homotopy groups
Basic facts
Theorems
equivalences in/of -categories
This is a notion of localization more suited to model categories. To quote Hirschhorn:
‘Localizing a model category with respect to a class of maps does not mean making the maps into isomorphisms; instead, it means making the images of those maps in the homotopy category into isomorphisms. Since the image of a map in the homotopy category is an isomorphism if and only if the map is a weak equivalence, localizing a model category with respect to a class of maps means making maps into weak equivalences.’
The main classical reference is
For more references see at Bousfield localization of model categories.