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In physics, by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) one refers to resonant control of the spin of atomic nuclei through an external electromagnetic field.
One way to realize qbits (in quantum information theory and quantum computing) is as spin-quantum states manipulated via spin resonance: spin resonance qbits. A prominent example of spin resonance qbit realizations uses a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond.
See also
On Floquet theory? in nuclear magnetic resonance:
Further developments:
Navin Khaneja et al., Optimal control of coupled spin dynamics: design of NMR pulse sequences by gradient ascent algorithms, Journal of Magnetic Resonance 172 2 (2005) 296-305 [doi:10.1016/j.jmr.2004.11.004]
Asif Equbal et al., Role of electron spin dynamics and coupling network in designing dynamic nuclear polarization, Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy 126–127 (2021) 1-16 [doi:10.1016/j.pnmrs.2021.05.003]
The idea of spin resonance qbits, i.e. of qbits realized on quantum mechanical spinors (e.g. electron-spin or nucleus-spin) and manipulated via spin resonance:
The very first proof-of-principle quantum computations were made with nuclear magnetic resonance-technology:
D. G. Cory et al, NMR Based Quantum Information Processing: Achievements and Prospects, Fortsch. Phys. 48 9-11 (2000) 875-907 arXiv:quant-ph/0004104
Jonathan A. Jones, Quantum Computing and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, PhysChemComm 11 (2001) doi:10.1039/b103231n, arXiv:quant-ph/0106067
Jonathan A. Jones, Quantum Computing with NMR, Prog. NMR Spectrosc. 59 (2011) 91-120 doi:10.1016/j.pnmrs.2010.11.001, arXiv:1011.1382
Dorothea Golze, Maik Icker, Stefan Berger, Implementation of two-qubit and three-qubit quantum computers using liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, Concepts in Magnetic Resonance 40A 1 (2012) 25-37 doi:10.1002/cmr.a.21222
NMR Quantum Computing (2012) slides pdf
Tao Xin et al., Nuclear magnetic resonance for quantum computing: Techniques and recent achievements (Topic Review - Solid-state quantum information processing), Chinese Physics B 27 020308 doi:10.1088/1674-1056/27/2/020308
See also:
Exposition, review and outlook:
Raymond Laflamme, Emanuel Knill, et al., Introduction to NMR Quantum Information Processing, Proceedings of the International School of Physics “Enrico Fermi” 148 Experimental Quantum Computation and Information [arXiv:quant-ph/0207172]
Asif Equbal, Molecular spin qubits for future quantum technology, talk at CQTS (Nov 2022) [slides: pdf, video: rec]
Jonathan A. Jones, Controlling NMR spin systems for quantum computation, Spectroscopy 140–141 (2024) 49-85 [doi:10.1016/j.pnmrs.2024.02.002, arXiv:2402.01308]
“Nuclear magnetic resonance is arguably both the best available quantum technology for implementing simple quantum computing experiments and the worst technology for building large scale quantum computers that has ever been seriously put forward. After a few years of rapid growth, leading to an implementation of Shor’s quantum factoring algorithm in a seven-spin system, the field started to reach its natural limits and further progress became challenging. […] the user friendliness of NMR implementations means that they remain popular for proof-of-principle demonstrations of simple quantum information protocols.”
See also:
Wikipedia, Spin qbit quantum computer
Wikipedia, Nuclear magnetic resonance quantum computer
More on implementation of quantum logic gates on qbits realized on nucleon-spin, via pulse protocols in NMR-technology:
and analogously on electron-spin:
For references on spin resonance qbits realized on a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond, see there.
There exist toy desktop quantum computers for educational purposes, operating on a couple of nuclear magnetic resonance qbits at room temperature :
SpinQ: SpinQ Triangulum: a commercial three-qubit desktop quantum computer arXiv:2202.02983
Last revised on May 5, 2023 at 05:08:02. See the history of this page for a list of all contributions to it.