Contents

# Contents

## Idea

In particle physics the letters MSSM are an abbreviation for “minimally supersymmetric standard model”: an extension of the standard model of particle physics to a model (in particle phyiscs) with a minimum amount of extra global supersymmetry.

## References

### General

The original articles are

• S. Dimopoulos and H. Georgi, Phys. Lett. B 117, 287 (1982).

• Steven Weinberg, Phys. Rev. D 26, 287 (1982)

### In heterotic string theory

The origin of all string phenomenology is the top-down approach in the heterotic string due to (Candelas-Horowitz-Strominger-Witten 85).

A brief review of motivations for GUT models in heterotic string theory is in

The following articles establish the existences of exact realization of the gauge group and matter-content of the MSSM in heterotic string theory (not yet checking Yukawa couplings):

A computer search through the “landscape” of Calabi-Yau varieties showed severeal hundreds more such exact heterotic standard models (about one billionth of all CYs searched, and most of them arising as $SU(5)$-GUTs)

The resulting database of compactifications is here:

Review includes

Computation of metrics on these Calabi-Yau compactifications (eventually needed for computing their induced Yukawa couplings) is started in

This “heterotic standard model” has a “hidden sector” copy of the actual standard model, more details of which are discussed here:

The issue of moduli stabilization in these kinds of models is discussed in

Principles singling out heterotic models with three generations of fundamental particles are discussed in:

• Hajime Otsuka, $SO(32)$ heterotic line bundle models, (arXiv:1801.03684)
• Mirjam Cvetič, Ling Lin, Muyang Liu, Paul-Konstantin Oehlmann, An F-theory Realization of the Chiral MSSM with $\mathbb{Z}_2$-Parity (arXiv:1807.01320)