nLab graviphoton

Contents

Context

Fields and quanta

fields and particles in particle physics

and in the standard model of particle physics:

force field gauge bosons

photon - electromagnetic field (abelian Yang-Mills field)
W, Z, B-boson - electroweak field (Yang-Mills field)
gluon - strong nuclear force (Yang-Mills field)
graviton - field of gravity
infraparticle

scalar bosons

Higgs boson, inflaton (scalar field)

matter field fermions (spinors, Dirac fields)

flavors of fundamental fermions in the standard model of particle physics:
generation of fermions	1st generation	2nd generation	3d generation
quarks ( $q$ )
up-type	up quark ( $u$ )	charm quark ( $c$ )	top quark ( $t$ )
down-type	down quark ( $d$ )	strange quark ( $s$ )	bottom quark ( $b$ )
leptons
charged	electron	muon	tauon
neutral	electron neutrino	muon neutrino	tau neutrino

bound states:
mesons	light mesons: pion ( $u d$ ) ρ-meson ( $u d$ ) ω-meson ( $u d$ ) f1-meson a1-meson	strange-mesons: ϕ-meson ( $s \bar s$ ), kaon, K-meson ( $u s$ , $d s$ ) eta-meson ( $u u + d d + s s$ ) charmed heavy mesons*: D-meson ( $u c$ , $d c$ , $s c$ ) J/ψ-meson ( $c \bar c$ )	bottom heavy mesons: B-meson ( $q b$ ) ϒ-meson ( $b \bar b$ )
baryons	nucleons: proton $(u u d)$ neutron $(u d d)$

(also: antiparticles)

effective particles

Goldstone bosons

hadrons (bound states of the above quarks)

meson
- scalar meson
  - σ-meson
  - pion
  - kaon
  - D-meson
  - B-meson
- vector meson
  - ω-meson
  - ρ-meson
  - f1-meson
  - a1-meson
  - b1-meson
  - h1-meson
  - K*-meson
- tensor meson
- quarkonium
  - charmonium
  - ϒ-meson
exotic meson
- XYZ meson
- tetraquark
baryon
- nucleon
  - proton
  - neutron
  - chemical element
    - carbon
    - nitrogen
- Lambda baryon
- pentaquark

solitons

in grand unified theory

minimally extended supersymmetric standard model

superpartners

bosinos:

gravitino - field of supergravity (Rarita-Schwinger field)
gaugino - super Yang-Mills field
gluino

sfermions:

squark

dark matter candidates

WIMP
axion

Exotica

auxiliary fields

Idea
Definition
Examples

In type IIA string theory
On D4-branes

Related concepts
References

General
In string theory

Idea

Given a Kaluza-Klein compactification on a circle principal bundle $(\widehat X, \widehat g)$ , the graviphoton field is the resulting gauge field (electromagnetic field) on the base of the fibration.

Definition

If $v_5 \in \Gamma\big( T\widehat X\big)$ denotes the vertical vector field which corresponds to the isometric flow along the circle fibers, the graviphoton field, regraded as a Cartan connection differential 1-form on the total space $\widehat X$ bundle is the contraction of the metric tensor $\widehat g$ with this vector field:

A \;\coloneqq\; \widehat g(v,-) \,.

Examples

In type IIA string theory

In the duality between M-theory and type IIA string theory, the graviphoton of the KK-compactification is the RR-field potential $C_1$ of type IIA string theory.

On D4-branes

The graviphoton as the RR-field potential $C_1$ of type IIA string theory then appears in the higher WZW term on the D4-brane (CGNSW 96 (7.4) APPS97b (51)) as the theta angle in D=5 super Yang-Mills theory:

\mathbf{L}_{D4}^{WZ} \;\propto\; C_1 \wedge \langle F \wedge F\rangle \,.

Related concepts

dilaton

References

General

In string theory

The graviphoton of the duality between M-theory and type IIA string theory, as the RR-field-potential $C_1$ in the higher WZW term of the D4-brane:

Martin Cederwall, Alexander von Gussich, Bengt Nilsson, Per Sundell, Anders Westerberg, around (4.6) of The Dirichlet Super-p-Branes in Ten-Dimensional Type IIA and IIB Supergravity, Nucl.Phys. B490 (1997) 179-201 (arXiv:hep-th/9611159)
Mina Aganagic, Jaemo Park, Costin Popescu, John Schwarz, Section 6 of Dual D-Brane Actions, Nucl. Phys. B496 (1997) 215-230 (arXiv:hep-th/9702133)
Domenico Fiorenza, Hisham Sati, Urs Schreiber, Theorem 7.4 of Super-exceptional geometry: origin of heterotic M-theory and super-exceptional embedding construction of M5

For more see at Green-Schwarz sigma model – References – For D-branes.

Discussion as the theta angle of the Witten-Sakai-Sugimoto model for QCD on D4-branes:

Si-wen Li, around (3.1) of The theta-dependent Yang-Mills theory at finite temperature in a holographic description (arXiv:1907.10277)

Last revised on July 25, 2019 at 14:07:12. See the history of this page for a list of all contributions to it.