fields and particles in particle physics
and in the standard model of particle physics:
matter field fermions (spinors, Dirac fields)
flavors of fundamental fermions in the standard model of particle physics: | |||
---|---|---|---|
generation of fermions | 1st generation | 2nd generation | 3d generation |
quarks () | |||
up-type | up quark () | charm quark () | top quark () |
down-type | down quark () | strange quark () | bottom quark () |
leptons | |||
charged | electron | muon | tauon |
neutral | electron neutrino | muon neutrino | tau neutrino |
bound states: | |||
mesons | light mesons: pion () ρ-meson () ω-meson () f1-meson a1-meson | strange-mesons: ϕ-meson (), kaon, K*-meson (, ) eta-meson () charmed heavy mesons: D-meson (, , ) J/ψ-meson () | bottom heavy mesons: B-meson () ϒ-meson () |
baryons | nucleons: proton neutron |
(also: antiparticles)
hadrons (bound states of the above quarks)
minimally extended supersymmetric standard model
bosinos:
dark matter candidates
Exotica
The evolution of the early observable universe must have been crucially affected by the properties (e.g. equation of state) of the primordial quark-gluon plasma, and then, as the temperature decreased, by its confinement phase transition during nucleosynthesis to a hadron gas?. The study of the properties of QCD relevant for cosmology this way is called QCD cosmology.
The crucial effects in QCD cosmology are thus controlled by quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and specifically in its non-perturbative confined phase, hence are subject to the confinement problem.
Application of lattice QCD to QCD cosmology:
Michael McGuigan, Wolfgang Söldner, QCD Cosmology from the Lattice Equation of State (arXiv:0810.0265)
Sz. Borsanyi et al. Lattice QCD for Cosmology (arXiv:1606.07494)
Last revised on April 10, 2020 at 15:35:57. See the history of this page for a list of all contributions to it.